Introductory Speech for Speech Class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Early on Speech for Speech Class - Essay Example 3. Today I am going to inform you regarding the three principle sections throughout my life. I will discuss kindergarten and junior school years, and the glad occasions I had over such time. I surmise you could call that section an experience story. At that point there is my secondary school, which I would depict as something of a loathsomeness story. At long last, there is the most recent, incomplete section about my examinations at school which I would call an elevating story. Out and out, at that point, my life has had three totally different parts up until now, and I will presently reveal to you the narrative of my experiences in section one, my terrifying a very long time in part two and the elevating long stretches of section three. [body: part 1] Once upon a period there was a young man called Joshua Ono. He was brought up in the most wonderful spot on the planet, Honolulu, Hawaii. He was a lot of cherished by the two his folks, and grew up with a profound regard for nature an d an affection for his Mom’s cooking. In kindergarten, he figured out how to move and sing to the music of the islands. Joshua was a glad kid, and he was known for his propensity for singing throughout the day, in any event, when he should focus on his learning. At five years old, Joshua felt that he could do anything he needed on the planet. He believed in himself and he delighted in playing with an enormous quantities of companions. Life was acceptable and everything began with high expectations. As you see, section one of my life resembled a long radiant day, with a wonderful blue sky and a lot of adoration and giggling. It was not long, notwithstanding, before some foreboding shadows showed up not too far off and things change for little Joshua. [body part two] When I was around ten years of age we had a severe educator for math, and I truly didn’t coexist with her by any stretch of the imagination. From the absolute first day we met, I had the inclination that thi ngs would have been troublesome between us, that is actually how it turned out. I turned into an anxious understudy, investing more energy with my guitar, getting together with companions, than with my books. My evaluations endured, and obviously my folks were disillusioned with me. For two or three years I lost my direction, and at long last I selected the G.E.D. also, left the secondary school. I never was a conventional understudy, yet I delighted in non-customary learning and communicating. I thought at the time that a few people looked down on me and thought I was a disappointment since I didn’t remain on to finish my capabilities there. These were dull days for me, and I lean toward not to consider them, other than to advise myself that this repulsiveness is presently finished, and I have had the option to make a new beginning. This carries me to my last part, the third scene in my life. The stormclouds cleared, and I strolled into the totally different universe of grow n-up life. [body part 3] Two years prior I joined Kapiolani Community College and this has been actually what I expected to get my life in the groove again. I met new companions and found that the more loosened up condition fit my mindful disposition. For reasons unknown there was not, at this point a contention among homework and recreation time, lastly I have figured out how to discover a harmony between the two. I buckle down during the day, and afterward plan my new band in the nights. I see that there are a wide range of ways that a youngster can pick throughout everyday life, and I have decided to focus on a profession in nursing. This has lifted me up from numerous points of view, and I am so happy to be engaged and prepared to utilize my inventive

Social Problems and Issues in Pakistan free essay sample

Verifiably, the prevailing pretended by Punjab, which is home to more than 55 percent of the populace and gives the majority of the military and organization, has caused a lot of disdain among the other three territories. There had been little help for the autonomous province of Pakistan among Sindhis, Balochis, and Pashtuns; in reality NWFP and Balochistan had opposed joining into Pakistan. From that point forward, Pakistan has struggled secessionist developments in NWFP, Balochistan, and Sindh. In the early years, the most profound ethnic separation points existed between the countrys east and the west wings, which brought about Pakistans separation in 1971.East Pakistan, transcendently ethnic Bengali, turned into the new free territory of Bangladesh. Complaints among and inside regions flourish, particularly over monetary disparities and rare assets. Pakistans major ideological groups are likewise isolated along local or ethnic lines, bringing about an absence of gatherings that can react to national concerns. Beast of Economy Pakistans economy experienced genuine difficulties the floods in August 2010. We will compose a custom paper test on Social Problems and Issues in Pakistan or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The legislature estimated financial development would drop to 2. 5 percent in 2010-2011 from 4. percent the earlier year. Higher swelling is estimated, and a developing financial deficiency is relied upon to exacerbate as incomes stayed low with a restricted duty base. Power deficiencies additionally cripple the economy and have frequently become the reason for brutal fights as of late. Furthermore, the economy depends intensely on materials, which represent 66% of fare pay. The nation turned away an equalization of installments emergency in 2008 with assistance from the International Monetary Fund, and in 2009 the present record shortage shrank with a pullback in imports and 18 percent development in specialist settlement inflows. The economy additionally experiences low outside direct venture because of expanding security issues. Pakistans government has since quite a while ago organized protection consumption over interest in instruction and human services, which hinders its worldwide seriousness. High absence of education rates, poor access to training and medicinal services, and extending sexual orientation and financial holes are required to add to the states difficulties, while powering the account of activist gatherings trying to utilize open disappointment as more extensive selecting devices. As indicated by the United Nations, in excess of 60 percent of Pakistanis live on under $2 per day, making Pakistan one of the universes most unfortunate states. Social Indicators Health Life Expectancy at Birth: 67 [Source: World Bank, 2008] Education (Literacy rate by sexual orientation) Adult Female Literacy Rate: 40 Adult Male Literacy Rate: 66.Adult Male Literacy Rate: 66. 8 [Source: UNESCO, 2008] Poverty Percentage of Pakistanis living underneath $2/day: 60. 3 [Source: UN Human Development Report, 2007] Although Pakistan is administered by a parliamentary type of regular citizen portrayal, the countrys most grounded organizations have for quite some time been its military and essential insight administration, the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI). The consistent pull between an incredible armed force and a feeble non military personnel government has blocked social turn of events, as military rulers have every now and again put more assets toward guarding against assault from rival India than social and monetary turn of events. A progression of sacred changes have tried to restrict official powers and stretch out more noteworthy self-sufficiency to the areas to counter potential military takeovers. Be that as it may, essential changes to the common military relationship are required. A moderate and wasteful legal framework overflowing with debasement, and lacking foundation and assets, has likewise powered open dissatisfaction that has been abused by aggressor bunches previously. From these contending difficulties have developed a shifted set of political, legal, and non-legislative actors.There are more than ninety enlisted ideological groups in Pakistan speaking to a scope of ethnic, common, and strict voting public. Islamic gatherings, some with binds to activist gatherings, have on occasion demonstrated viable in building backing to shake things up. Be that as it may, around about six significant gatherings drove by incredible families rule regular citizen legislative issues. The medieval systemwhere few landholders control immense resourceshas been a reason for incredible financial disparity. Amazing landowning families have ruled governmental issues and practiced critical authority over national issues through the administration and the furnished forces.Identification Challenges Population: 97% Muslim (77% Sunni, 20% Shia); 3% Hindus, Christians, and different strict gatherings. (Note: The numbers depend on the last evaluation led by the administration of Pakistan in 1998. ) Pakistan thought about the topic of its character even before it was formedwhether to be a common equitable nation for Muslims and different strict minorities or an Islamic state. The early passing of Pakistans originator, Mohammad Ali Jinnah, left the job of religion in the public arena unsettled.The separation of the nation in 1971, when the east wing withdrew to turn into the new province of Bangladesh, further added to the youthful countries weaknesses. Since its early stages, Pakistans rulers have utilized Islam to characterize national personality. Both regular citizen and military governments have permitted strict radical associations to prosper and utilized them as instruments of state approach. During the 1980s, the military and the insight administrations, financed by Saudi Arabia and the United States, helped train and bolster Islamist warriors against the Soviets in Afghanistan.Pakistans driving job in the counter Soviet crusade in Afghanistan likewise prompted the radicalization of a portion of its Islamic strict schools or madrassas, where understudies were urged to join the Afghan obstruction. The Pakistani armed force additionally upheld Islamist aggressors battling Indian standard in the contested domain of Jammu and Kashmir. Another outcome of the states utilization of Islam for political purposes has been partisan clash and rivalry for authentic support between and inside the numerous varieties of Sunni and Shia Islam .Militancy While Pakistans military foundation has for quite some time been distracted with an ordinary war against India, Pakistan has, since its commencement, saw indigenous activist gatherings as significant intermediaries in its battle for territorial impact. Following freedom in 1947, groups of guerillas were enrolled to invade territories of Indian-controlled Kashmir to prod revolts; today bunches like Lashkar-e-Taiba keep on organizing activities in Kashmir without any potential repercussions, state numerous analysts.In Afghanistan, mujahadeen warriors halfway subsidized by the United States and Saudi Arabia during the Cold War are today observed by some in Pakistan as informal individuals from their security structure. Numerous investigators trust Pakistans incredible Inter-Services Intelligence, or ISI, keeps on cultivating close ties with intermediary activist powers. However an authentic dependence on aggressor bunches has given indications of exploded backward, with some jihadi gatherings betraying the Pakistani state. When all is said in done, Pakistan-based activist gatherings can be separated into five classes, each with various targets, strategies, and motivations.They include: Kashmir-centered gatherings (like Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Muhammad), Pakistan-centered gatherings, (for example, Tehrik-I-Taliban), Afghan-centered warriors (like the Quetta Shura Taliban), transnational gatherings (al-Qaeda boss among them), and partisan components (most remarkably Sipah-e-Sahaba Pakistan). Atomic Deterrence Pakistans atomic aspirations were conceived during the 1950s as an obstacle to Indias customary military prevalence; the war with India in 1971 and the ensuing separation of East Pakistan (present-day Bangladesh) provoked pioneers in Islamabad to seek after atomic weapons. Indias fruitful trial of an atomic gadget in 1974 prodded the race to weaponize. By the mid-1980s, with help from European nations and China, Pakistan had aced uranium advancement innovation, and in 1989, the United States closed Pakistan had an atomic warhead. Pakistan and India turned out to be full-scale atomic equipped enemies when, on May 28, 1998, Pakistani researchers tried their countries first atomic gadget. Pakistan has since widened its atomic program by building non military personnel influence and research reactors; it has likewise investigated plutonium creation technologies.According to certain specialists, Pakistan has the quickest developing atomic arms stockpile on the planet with seventy to ninety atomic weapons and delivers enough enhanced uranium every year for five to six bombs. Control of its armory is administered by the armys Strategic Plan Division. However security of the countrys atomic reserve stays a noteworthy concern (NewYorker) for Western and territo rial interests. There are likewise waiting feelings of trepidation about innovation expansion, given disclosures in 2004 that Pakistans top atomic researcher, A. Q.Khan, worked a worldwide multiplication arrange. Relations with; INDIA Relations among India and Pakistan have been tense since August 1947, when Pakistan was cut out of domains in British-governed India. The parcel prompted in any event a large portion of a million passings and enormous populace moves. At the hour of segment, the two nations guaranteed the region of Kashmir, a Hindu-managed state with a Muslim larger part. While scholastics on either side contest the subtleties, Kashmirs ruler in the end chose to consent to India, planting many years of contention. The neighbors have battled three wars and various encounters along the fringe. New Delhi blames Pakistan for aiding and supporting activist gatherings that target India. Islamabad, then again, blames India for powering uprising in Baluchistan. The two nations are progressively vieing for impact in Afghanistan, where Pakistan sees Indias expanding relationship with Kabul as a danger to its inclinations in the reg

Every Little Thing

Every Little Thing Wed like to introduce you to one of our favorite songs: Every Little Thing by Irish singer-songwriter Peter Doran. We were pleased to first feature this beautiful song in the trailer to our memoir, Everything That Remains. And because the song fits our simple-living message perfectlyâ€"it melds optimism with decaffeinated chords and Peters Zen-folksinger wisdomâ€"we decided to make Every Little Thing the official theme song for our podcast when it launched last year. The only thing we enjoy more than supporting great music is supporting great indie music. As indie authors ourselves, we know the painstaking work that goes into handcrafting every aspect of a project, from writing to printing and the myriad steps in between. When done correctly, though, the result is truly special, because indie art connects the creator with the audience without the unnecessary muck in the middle. Listen to Peters newest album, Overhead the Stars; visit his website for more music; and be sure to say hi to him on Facebook, Instagram, or Twitter. Every Little Thing Lyrics Every little thing, you think that you need Every little thing, you think that you need Every little thing that’s just feeding your greed Oh, I bet that you’d be fine without it Every little thing that you’ve gotta have Every little thing that you’ve gotta have That you’ve got to reach for and you’ve got to grab Oh, I bet that you’d be fine without it So tear your eyes away, oh tear your eyes away Every little thing that sparkles and shines Every little thing that sparkles and shines It’s driving you sweetly out of your mind But I bet that you’d be fine without it So tear your eyes away, oh tear your eyes away Every little thing that you’re lusting for Every little thing that you’re lusting for How did you ever get along before Oh, I bet that you were fine without it So tear your eyes away, oh tear your eyes away Before you’re tripping over junk that’s lying scattered on your floor The dusty and discarded toys that don’t shine any more Every one you had to have, every one you swore Would satisfy your greedy heart for now and evermore Every little thing that catches your eye Every little thing that catches your eye Gets under your skin and it won’t be denied Oh, I bet that you’d be fine without it Oh, I bet that you’d be fine without it Subscribe to The Minimalists via email.

Qu Tal and Other Ways of Using Tal in Spanish

To those learning Spanish, tal may best be known for being part of the question phrase  ¿quà © tal? but tal actually has a wide range of uses and meanings. Tal is of those words thats best thought of as representing a concept rather than as the equivalent of a particular English word. Functioning as an adverb, adjective, or pronoun, tal generally is used to refer in some way to something that has previously been said or implied, and it also is used in several common idioms. Here are the most common uses of tal: Tal As an Adjective As an adjective, tal often indicates that the accompanying noun refers to something mentioned earlier. When used this way, tal can often be thought of as meaning of that kind, and it is frequently translated as such. No existe tal lugar. (Such a place doesnt exist.) ¡Por quà © hay tal diferencia de precio? (Why is there such a price difference?)Habà ­a muchos tales libros en existencia a la hora de conquista espaà ±ola. (There were many books of that kind in existence at the time of the Spanish conquest.)Tal cosa jamà ¡s se ha visto. (Such a thing has never been seen.)Si una persona afirma tal idea, lo haga por error o por ignorancia. (If a person asserts that kind of idea, he does it out of mistake or ignorance.) Tal As a Pronoun As a pronoun, tal refers to something that is vaguely like something else: No hay tal como la escuela perfecta. (Theres no such thing as  the perfect school.)Mi hermano come hamburguesas, pizza y tal. (My brother eats hamburgers, pizza and things like that.)Dà ­galo tal como es. (Tell it like it is.) Tal As an Adverb As an adverb, tal typically means something like just as or in such a way: Tal me habla que no sà © que decir. (He speaks to me in such a way that I dont know what to say.)La cà ¡mara ve el color tal cual es en realidad. (The camera sees the color just as it is in real life.)Todo està ¡ tal como antes. (Everything is just as it was before.) In Phrases To Express Purpose Con tal que usually means for the purpose of. The phrase is typically followed by an infinitive. The similar phrases con tal de que and con tal que (followed by a conjugated verb) can have a similar meaning but most often convey the idea of provided that, as long as or in the case that. El exgobernador habla en espaà ±ol con tal de ganar votos. (The former governor is speaking in Spanish in order to win votes.)Los senadores està ¡n dispuestos a sacrificar la economà ­a con tal de que el presidente no sea reelegido. (The senators are inclined to sacrifice the economy so that the president isnt re-elected.)Con tal de que me salga mi casa, soy feliz. (Provided I leave my house, Im a happy person.)Con tal que me quieras, soy tuyo. (As long as you love me, Im yours.)Las personas que sufren de insomnio tratan con casi todo con tal de dormir. (People who suffer from insomnia try almost anything in order to sleep.)  ¿Quà © Tal? Tal functions as an adverb with quà © in questions to ask how people or things are. Literal translations of such sentences generally arent possible, since such questions are often casual and idiomatic, so context will determine whats meant. Hola  ¿quà © tal? (Hi, how are you?) ¿Quà © tal tu viaje? (How was your trip?) ¿Quà © tal tu dà ­a? (Hows your day going?) ¿Quà © tal lo estamos haciendo? (How are we doing?) Tal Vez The phrase tal vez means maybe or perhaps. The phrase, often written as talvez, especially in Latin America, is often followed by a verb in the subjunctive mood. Tal vez fuera el eco de una aparicià ³n. (Perhaps it was the echo of a ghost.)Tal vez compremos otro coche pequeà ±o. (Maybe well buy another small car.) Key Takeaways Because it can be translated in so many ways, it may be best to think of tal as a word that expresses the idea of something being like something else that has been said or implied previously.Tal can function as a pronoun, adjective, or adverb. It also functions as part of phrases such as tal vez in which the phrases has a meaning apart from the meanings of the individual words.One of the most common translations of tal is such, and a common phrase using the word is tal vez, meaning maybe.

Magic Carpet Airlines Case Study - 1637 Words

Magic Carpet Airlines (MCA) was a regional airline company that established operations in 1961. Over a span of 26 years, MCA grew from servicing flights in two cities to 18 cities. In 1987, MCA purchased another regional airline, River City Airlines (RCA), and merged the two operations. With the merge of the two regional airlines, the company became a small â€Å"national† airline until 1988 when MCA entered into a marketing agreement with a major national carrier to become a â€Å"feeder† airline for the carrier. Prior to the merging of MCA and RCA, neither company’s flight attendants were unionized. Rising concerns starting emerging among both MCA and RCA flight attendants in regards to the unsystematic way MCA’s management resolved personnel†¦show more content†¦Flight Attendants were worried about the arbitrary process MCA’s management used to resolve issues, expressly the margining of the seniority list and working conditions. This was a concern of job security. The flight attendants explicitly requested their seniority carry over to any new company in the event of another merger or buyout of MCA, and protection from any layoffs that may result. The flight attendants also expressed concerns with regarding wages via duty rig, and requested the same provision as those provided to the pilot. As of current, MCA only paid flight attendants for the time they were in the aircraft with it moving, they were not compensated for time spent sitting in airports or waiting for flights. The flight attendants want to implement duty rigs, where they are compensated a fixed percentage for time spent on duty with the company. Prior to negotiations, MCA was in a state of transition which caused much confusion. The negotiation team for MCA consisted of a group of executive management. Bill Orleans, the director of labor relations, was recently demoted from director of human resources, which he resented. Orleans was responsible for previously negotiating most of the union contracts at MCA. Ross Irving, the new director of human resources, was hired from an outside firm. Since Irving was hired as Orleans replacement, this created tension between the two, as a result, Irving avoided the negotiating sessionsShow MoreRelatedEssay on Magic Carpet Airlines Case Study1191 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Case Study – Magic Carpet Airlines Week 4 September 22, 2013 1. What did the union do to prepare for negotiations? What additional sources of information might it have used? What were the unions primary objectives? The union began preparing by doing research to find out what other similar airline carriers were supplying for their flight attendants (i.e. average working conditions, benefits, and wage rates). They used government sources to compare wage,Read MoreAccounting for Airline Frequent Flyer Programs: Management Incentives and Financial Reporting Impacts8715 Words   |  35 PagesACCOUNTING FOR AIRLINE FREQUENT FLYER PROGRAMS: MANAGEMENT INCENTIVES AND FINANCIAL REPORTING IMPACTS May 2012 Brian J. Franklin, BBA Accounting ‘12, College of Business and Public Policy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, 907-268-4233 Ext. 401, bfranklin@frontiertutoring.com ABSTRACT The obligation to provide free or reduced-fare travel to passengers who redeem their accrued frequent flyer program (FFP) benefits represents a significant liability onRead MoreHimachal Pradesh8795 Words   |  36 Pagespopulation in Himachal depend directly upon agriculture which provides direct employment to 71% of its people. The main cereals grown are wheat, maize, rice and barley. Himachal has a rich heritage of handicrafts. These include woolen and pashmina shawls, carpets, silver and metal ware, embroidered chappals, grass shoes, Kangra and Gompa style paintings, wood work, horse-hair bangles, wooden and metal utensils and various other house hold items. These aesthetic and tasteful handicrafts declined under competitionRead MoreCase Studies67624 Words   |  271 PagesCase Studies C-1 INTRODUCTION Preparing an effective case analysis C-3 CASE 1 CASE 2 CASE 3 CASE 4 CASE 5 CASE 6 CASE 7 ABB in China, 1998 C-16 Ansett Airlines and Air New Zealand: A flight to oblivion? C-31 BP–Mobil and the restructuring of the oil refining industry C-44 Compaq in crisis C-67 Gillette and the men’s wet-shaving market C-76 Incat Tasmania’s race for international success: Blue Riband strategies C-95 Kiwi Travel International Airlines Ltd C-105 CASE 8 Beefing up the beeflessRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pages1-800-CALL WILEY (225-5945). 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No part of this publicationRead MoreScience and Technology13908 Words   |  56 Pages2009 Award Winning Essays Organized by Supported by T he Goi Peace Foundation U N ESC O Japan Airlines Foreword The International Essay Contest for Young People is one of the peace education programs organized by the Goi Peace Foundation. The annual contest, which started in the year 2000, is a UNESCO/Goi Peace Foundation joint program since 2007. The United Nations has designated 2001-2010 as the International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children ofRead MoreInvestment and Economic Moats46074 Words   |  185 Pagesreader to pick and choose from the very best in investment advice today. 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Understanding the Statistics of Visual Learners Free Essays

FACT: Approximately 65 percent of the population is visual learners. FACT: The brain processes visual information 60,000 faster than text. FACT: 90 percent of information that comes to the brain is visual. We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding the Statistics of Visual Learners or any similar topic only for you Order Now FACT: 40 percent of all nerve fibers connected to the brain are linked to the retina. FACT: Visual Literacy is the ability to encode (create a visual language) amp; decode (understand a visual language). FACT: Visual aids in the classroom improve learning by up to 400 percent. FACT: Students who are twice exceptional (2e) are often visual learners. 1. It is a lot less time consuming to watch a movie than it is to read a book plus you can do it all at once. When reading a book you have to keep stopping and starting where you left off. 2. In a movie you can see exactly what is going on (i. e. action, drama, romance); whereas in a book you really have to use your imagination. Time is of the essence – I read a lot and I read fast but if I were to spend my entire weekend doing nothing but reading I’d be pushing to finish three novels (admittedly I read fantasy and they tend to be huge but still). If I spend the entire weekend watching movies (unless I’m watching Lord of the Rings or something equally epic) I can probably knock over about twelve movies. Movies skip out a lot of detail that appears in books, plus they don’t need to describe scenes to you, they just flash a picture and move on. They are quicker in conveying the story. Special Effects – Now it has been pointed out that our imagination has no limitations and special effects do so things that sound really good in books sometimes look quite ridiculous in movies. However, my imagination is limited by my sense of reality and so when a book has a car crash I see a little ding and a bit of broken glass, where as a movie will usually just blow the car up in a spectacular show of carnage. Logically I know the car probably wouldn’t blow up but watching it on the screen I can go with it. Reading about it, I will usually tone it down. Action sequences – yes you can read action sequences but I find them quite dull. Particularly sword fights. Please do not describe everything single thrust and parry to me if you expect me to still be reading by the time the battle is over. However, in movies†¦ they define the show don’t tell theory. It is a lot more exciting to watch a sword fight than to read a blow by blow commentary on a sword fight. How to cite Understanding the Statistics of Visual Learners, Papers

Business and Corporations Law Relevant Fiduciary Duties

Question: Describe about the Business and Corporations Law for Relevant Fiduciary Duties. Answer: 1. Issue It is given that there is an accounting firm with three partners namely Peter, Aidan and Adrian. As per the partnership agreement, any partner could enact a contract to the tune of maximum amount of $ 10,000 without seeking permission of the other partners. However, despite this Adrian enacts contract in excess of $ 10,000 with Edgar and Tom and does not take consent from the other partners. The central issue is to opine Tom and Edgar with regards to their legal position when the other partners do not honour the contractual obligations. Law As per Section 5, each of the partner acts as the agent of the firm and also of each other with regards to business activities. Also, the partners tend to satisfy dual role of principal and agent and hence in the process they satisfy the fiduciary duties expected from both principal and agent (Bank of Australasia v Breillat (1847) 6 Moo PC 152; 13 ER 642) (Latimer, 2005). Thus, when a particular partner is acting in isolation as the firms agent, it is imperative that the partners oblige by discharging the relevant fiduciary duties (Lindgren, 2011). In this regard, a relevant case is Re Agriculturist Insurance Co (Bairds case) (1870) LR 5 Ch App 725 as per which every partner tends to in the capacity of an indefinite agent to the other in regards to any of the business related activities that is enacted by the firm provided it is as mentioned in the partnership agreement (Gibson and Fraser, 2014). As per the Partnership Act, in the event of any transaction that is enacted by one or more firm partners, the remaining partners are bound by that contract or transaction provided it is within the business scope of the firm. However, if the transaction enacted by the partner is not related to the business activity, then the firm and the partners would not be liable as has been indicated in the Mercantile Credit Co Ltd v Garrod [1962] 3 All ER 1103 case (Davenport and Parker, 2014). From the above case and s 5(1), it is evident that even if the partner enters into any contract with a third party that goes beyond the express authority as extended by the partnership agreement, then also the third party would be successful in establishing liability for the firm and its partners. The requisite parameters for the above to hold true are as follows (Harvey,2009). Transaction should be within the scope of business of the firm The third party should have been acting in good faith The third party was unaware that the partner lacked the requisite authority to execute the contract. Application As per the relevant case facts, a contract has been enacted between Adrian (partner) with the third party (Tom and Edgar) and since the contract value exceeded $ 10,000, hence Adrian should have taken the consent of the other partners. Hence, Adrian has overstepped the express authority derived from the partnership agreement. Further, the scope of the work of the contract was clearly within the ambit of the partnership firms business scope. Also, there is no evidence to suggest that Tom and Edgar knew about Adrian lacking the requisite authority to enact the contract. Since, all the conditions are met, hence the partnership firm and the partners are bound by the contract which would be considered enforceable if the third party desires so as highlighted in the verdict of Mercantile Credit Co Ltd v Garrod [1962] 3 All ER 1103 case. Thus, the teo remaining partners cannot deny making payment and taking delivery as this would amount to breach of contract and result in potential legal act ion by Tom and Edgar against the partners of the firm. Conclusion Based on the above discussion, it would be fair to conclude that Tom and Edgar have an enforceable contract in the given care even though Adrian was not authorized to enact the contract of this value. Also, since Peter and Aldan are the partners of the firm, hence they would have to be comply by the contractual obligations arising from the contract in line with Section 5(1) of the Partnership Act and failing to comply with the contractual obligations would result in breach of contract and potential legal action against the defaulting partners. 2. (A) Issue One os the issues is with regards to the Nu-Slim Pty Ltd taking legal action for the termination of a rival company Fat-Away Pty Ltd citing breach of employment contract. Law It is noteworthy that there is liability of employee if the employment contract is breached without informed consent of the employer. At times, it may require that the corporate veil be lifted so as to understand the actual human controllers besides a particular action (Carter, 2012). The relevant case in this regard would be Gilford Motor Co Ltd v Horne [1933] Ch 935 where the court had to life the corporate veil as there were attempts by the company to hide their true controllers so as to escape contractual liabilities (Taylor and Taylor, 2015). As per the relevant details of this case, there was an agreement by plaintiff with regards to trade restraint. But despite this, he started a business in the same name and started executed contracts on behalf of the new company. The other shareholders of the company were his wife along with a former employee. The court in this case passed the verdict that there has been a breach of the trade restraint (Pendleton and Vickery, 2005) Application In the given case, Richard worked with a company named as Nu-Slim Pty from 2008 -2013. As per the employment contract, Richard could not start a business in the same field till three years had elapsed since her termination of employment. However, in 2014, Richard established a business named Fat-Away PtyLtd in the same domain as his previous employer. Additional shareholder in the company was his sister Frances who owned 1% of the company. It is apparent that by starting the company in the same line of business, Richard has breached the employment contract which is evident from the court verdict in Gilford Motor Co Ltd v Horne [1933] Ch 935 and hence Nu-Slim can claim damages from Richard for the loss caused. Also, an injunction order may be sought from the court to as to ensure that Richard refrains from engaging into such a business again till the cooling period of three years is over. Conclusion From the above discussion, it would be fair to conclude that Richard has indeed violated the trade restraint and hence Nu-Slim can claim damages for losses and injunction to ensure that such activity is not repeated in the cooling period. (B) Issue The central issue is to opine if United Bank Ltd could initiate legal action against Richard for non-payment of the loan installment of $ 40,000. Law In accordance with Section 124(1), Corporations Act 2001, a company unlike other legal structures tends to have a legal existence which allows the company to be separated from the owners and management (Latimer, 2005). The business of the company is conducted by the management acting as principle for the firm. The various assets and liabilities essentially belong to the company and are separate from the personal assets and liabilities of the owners (Gibson and Fraser, 2014). Also, the company can enter into contracts and can be sued by other parties to whom the company has undischarged liabilities. In accordance with law, the liabilities of the shareholders extend only to unpaid component of equity shares but not to the payment of companys debts (Section 516) (Paterson, Robertson and Duke, 2015).This is because the owners typically have limited liability with regards to the obligations of the company. This is apparent from the verdict pronounced by the court in the Salomon v Salomon Co Ltd [1897] AC 22 case. In the given case, the shareholders were not held liable for the debentures issued by the company (Pathinayake, 2014). Application As per the relevant details, the company Fat-Away Pty Ltd has two shareholders i.e. Richard (99% owner) and his sister Frances (1% owner). The company assumed a loan of $ 500,000 as the start up capital but due to adverse conditions prevailing in the business has not been able to make a loan installment payment of $ 40,000 to the United Bank. In the given case, the loan has been extended by the bank to the company which in accordance with Section 124 is a separate legal entity separate from the shareholders. Also, as per section 526, the shareholders are not liable for the liabilities of the company which is a separate entity. Hence, in the given case the lender (United Bank) in order to receive money can initiate proceedings against the company but not against the shareholders i.e. Richard and Frances. Conclusion Based on the above discussion, it is fair to conclude that the United Bank for recovery of the loan installment cannot sue Richard and hence should instead sue the company Fat-Away Pty Ltd.. References Carter, J. (2012), Contract Act in Australia, Sydney: LexisNexis Publications Davenport, S. and Parker, D. (2014), Business and Law in Australia, Sydney: LexisNexis Publications Gibson, A. and Fraser, D. (2014), Business Law, Sydney: Pearson Publications Harvey, C. (2009), Foundations of Australian law. Victoria: Tilde University Press Latimer, P. (2005). Australian business law, Sydney: CCH Australia Lindgren, K.E. (2011), Vermeesch and Lindgren's Business Law of Australia, Sydney: LexisNexis Publications Pendleton, W. and Vickery, N. (2005), Australian business law: principles and applications, Sydney: Pearson Publications Pathinayake, A. (2014), Commercial and Corporations Law, Sydney: Thomson-Reuters Paterson, J., Robertson, A. and Duke, A. (2015), Principles of Contract Law, Sydney:Thomson Reuters Taylor, R. and Taylor, D. (2015), Contract Law, London: Oxford University Press

Anxiety and Its Types

Introduction Anxiety is generally described as a psychological condition which brings about distinct detrimental physiological responses which is caused as result of various external stimuli in the form of stressors which destabilize a person’s normal mental state.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Anxiety and Its Types specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In other words it is a condition with physical, mental, emotional, behavioral and cognitive effects brought by a variety of external events or factors which have a detrimental effect on a person’s well being (Alnà ¦s, 409 – 412). What must be understood is that most individuals feel varying types of anxiety over the course of their life. It is a natural response to tense, stressful or otherwise difficult situations which helps an individual concentrate more, develop a clearer picture of a situation and overall enables them to perform better than they otherwise would have. It is characterized by elevated blood pressure, shortness of breath, feelings of nervousness, restlessness and repetitive thoughts regarding particular actions. When examining relevant literature on the topic it can be seen that most experts agree that anxiety responses evolved as a method of coping with unavoidable or inevitable situations wherein a greater degree of concentration, motivation as well as focus was needed in order to overcome the inevitable event or situation (Alnà ¦s, 409 – 412). What must be understood is that developing a certain case of anxiety after a particular event or problem is completely normal and within the bounds of average human behavior, what is abnormal though is if a person develops prolonged symptoms of anxiety which prevent them from functioning normally as a direct result of psychological stressors which manifests in distinct aberrant forms of emotional outbursts, behavioral responses or physical actions which a re far from what can be considered normal behavior. Anxiety Disorders It must be noted that while anxiety is a common human attribute, anxiety disorders are not and are characterized by their debilitating physiological and psychological effects which hinder an individual’s ability to function normally. The five main types of anxiety disorders are classified as follows: 1.) Generalized Anxiety DisorderAdvertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More 2.) Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) 3.) Panic Disorder 4.) Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) 5.) Social Phobia (or Social Anxiety Disorder) What must be understood is that anxiety disorders are physiological and psychological manifestations of the effect stressors have on the body. In average cases where anxiety is present people feel varying degrees of nervousness, apprehension, and the desire to accomplish a task and get it over with; in the case of anxiety disorders the manifestation of symptoms take on far more debilitating effects such as trouble concentrating, restlessness, sleeping disorders, depression, flashbacks of traumas, chest pains and even cases where panic attacks ensure which debilitate a person’s ability to act in a rational manner (Cà ´tà © et al., 784 – 787). Another factor that should be taken into consideration is the fact that unlike normal cases of anxiety the symptoms associated with anxiety disorders do not go away after a short period of time but rather remain for differing extended periods of time (Vroling Jong, 110 – 112). This results in continued physical and mental stress being placed on the body which can, and often do, result in deteriorating health conditions for individuals who possesses varying types of anxiety disorders.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Anxiety and Its Types specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Vulnerability to Developing Anxiety Disorders What must be understood is that not all individuals develop anxiety disorders or for that matter develop the same type of anxiety disorders. As mentioned earlier, external stressors play a distinct role in creating and maintaining anxiety within individuals however this particular factor is inherently dependent on a person’s lifestyle, job, living environment, economic situation as well as social condition. Economic Conditions Various studies examining the development of anxiety disorders within particular individuals have shown that a person’s inherent economic condition has an adverse effect on the amount of stressors they receive thus facilitating the development of various forms of anxiety disorders. During the height of the recent U.S. financial recession it was shown that individuals experiencing job loss, home foreclosure and a variety of negative economic situations experienced elevated levels o f stress and as a direct result developed distinct anxiety disorders. It is assumed that problems in relation to personal finances as well as the low job market acted as sufficient stressors which resulted in the development of elevated anxiety levels resulting in distinct anxiety disorders. In fact numerous studies conducted over the years have shown that individuals experiencing negative economic conditions were more at risk in developing anxiety disorders as compared to individuals who were financially well off (Vroling Jong, 110 – 115). In cases such as this it can be assumed that economic conditions act as greater stressors which result in an increased possibility in developing anxiety disorders as compared to ordinary stressors in a person’s life. Working Conditions Another factor that should be taken into consideration when examining vulnerabilities towards the development of anxiety disorders is the daily conditions a person experiences while working. Studies examining the prevalence of anxiety disorders as a direct result of work place environments show that the more stressful a job is the greater the prevalence of anxiety disorders within the worker population. An examination of the call center industry in particular show that the prevalence of anxiety disorders among the worker populace is greater as compared to other industries due to the sheer amount of verbal abuse agents receive on a daily basis. The difference in the development of anxiety disorders in this case as compared to economic stressors is the sheer repetition of anxiety causing situations on a daily basis as compared to relatively few events that occur as a direct result of economic problems. It is due to this that worked based anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent in the general population and account for more than half of current cases in the global population today.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Living Environments Living environments should also be taken into consideration when examining the development of certain types of anxiety disorders, various studies examining the correlation between anxiety and its prevalence among local communities showed that individuals living with inner city neighborhoods namely some of the oldest sections of the city where crime and poverty are the most prevalent show greater degrees of daily anxiety pressures as compared to individuals who come from suburbs or gated communities. It is thought that the greater amounts of security and safety people feel from living in suburbs and gated communities directly contributes to reducing the number of environmental stressors they feel as compared to individuals who deal with poverty and crime on a daily basis. It must also be noted that the level of danger in various inner city neighborhoods is greater due extent of crime and as such facilitates greater anxiety levels when travelling on a daily basis. Biological Predisposition Aside from the effects of external stressors it has been determined that certain individuals actually have an inherent predisposition towards anxiety and the development of anxiety disorders. Various studies examining the behavioral characteristics of infants and their comparative behaviors when they reach a state of adolescence reveal that people with a more sensitive nucleus accumbens reach a state of anxiety or development anxiety disorders far faster and with a greater degree of prevalence as compared to individuals with a far less sensitive nucleus accumbens (Smoller et al., 965 – 968). While there have yet to be studies to determine how such genetic differences occurred over the course of several generations within the current population group it is assumed that individuals with a more sensitive nucleus accumbens developed this trait as a direct result of environmental characteristics that have yet to be precisely determined (Smoller et al., 96 5 – 968). Conclusion Based on the various facts it can be seen that while anxiety is a common human behavioral condition, the development of anxiety disorders are not and are a direct result of various external stressors. It is based on this that it can be advised that in order to avoid developing acute forms of anxiety disorders it is recommended to avoid lifestyles choices, jobs and environments that have been noted in this paper as being primary causes towards the development of such a detrimental physiological and psychological condition. Works Cited Alnà ¦s, Randolf, and Svenn Torgersen. â€Å"A 6-year follow-up study of anxiety disorders in psychiatric outpatients: Development and continuity with personality disorders and personality traits as predictors.† Nordic Journal of Psychiatry 53.6 (1999): 409-416. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. Gilles Cà ´tà ©, et al. â€Å"Anxiety Disorders Among Offenders With Antisocial Personality Disorders: A Distinct Subt ype?.† Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 55.12 (2010): 784-791. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. Smoller, Jordan W., Stefanie R. Block, and Mirella M. Young. â€Å"Genetics of anxiety disorders: the complex road from DSM to DNA.† Depression Anxiety (1091- 4269) 26.11 (2009): 965-975. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. Vroling, Maartje S., and Peter J. de Jong. â€Å"Threat-confirming belief bias and symptoms of anxiety disorders.† Journal of Behavior Therapy Experimental Psychiatry  41.2 (2010): 110-116. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 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College Degrees Essays - Bachelors Degrees, Vocational Education

College Degrees Essays - Bachelors Degrees, Vocational Education College Degrees INTRODUCTION Many adults who graduate from high school immediately enter careers that do not require a college degree. Indeed, the majority of the adult population of the United States of America does not have college degrees. And the lack of degree is not a stigma. Vocations usually do not require degrees. Certainly the many trade vocations in the building industry do not require college degrees, but instead either vocational training, on-the-job training, and combinations of both. The same applies to manufacturing, clerical, retail, and service positions. And one does not need a degree, college, nor indeed high school, to become President of the United States, or any other elected official! A degree is usually required for professional positions, such as physicians, lawyers, engineers, scientists, accountants, teachers, among others. Many professions require advanced degrees, like masters, and doctoral degrees. There may come a time, however, when an adult who is working full- time decides that it is time to pursue a college degree. There may be several reasons for such a conclusion. Many job descriptions in business and industry specify that a certain degree is required for advancement. Perhaps an airplane mechanic would like to be promoted to a management position that requires a college degree. Or a bookkeeper may wish to become an accountant. Or a nurse may desire a bachelor degree, beyond her R.N. certification; indeed, more hospitals are now requiring that their nurses hold bachelor, and in some cases master degrees. How does a nurse, or bookkeeper, or airplane mechanic who is employed full-time pursue the required college course work that will lead to a fully accredited bachelor degree without taking up residency in a college full-time four years? FULLY ACCREDITED Fully accredited without residency is the objective of the pursuit of a non-traditional college degree. A college must be validated by one of six regional accreditation associations approved by the United States Department of Education in order to grant full accredited degrees. The six associations are: New England Association of Schools and Colleges Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools. North Central Association of Colleges and Schools Northwest Association of Schools and Colleges Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Western Association of Schools and Colleges All of the colleges and universities in this country that offer fully accredited degrees do so by authority of one of the above geographical associations. There are several colleges that offer bachelor, master, and doctoral degrees that do not come under the authority of a regional accreditation association. Some of these colleges are authorized to offer degrees by the states in which they reside, mostly in California, Hawaii, Missouri, and Louisiana. However, degrees from these colleges are usually not recognized as bona-fide by most business, industry, and professional organizations that require college degrees as a requirement for employment. Therefore, this report will deal with the limited number of colleges in the United States that will grant a fully-accredited bachelor degree without any residency requirement. There are many other colleges that offer alternate college degrees to adults, but have a short, medium, or extensive residency requirement. These colleges will not be covered in this report. For those interested in colleges with limited residency requirements, they will find useful a manual by John Bear, Ph.D., College Degrees by Mail, [See Recommended Reading at the conclusion of this report]. REQUIREMENTS FOR A BACHELOR DEGREE There are many Bachelor programs that can be pursued, among them: Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science in Business Administration, Bachelor of Science in Applied Science and Technology, Bachelor of Science in Human Services, Bachelor of Science in Nursing, and other programs that may be specifically designed by the student and college. Most bachelor programs include specializations, such as Bachelor of Arts in Journalism, Bachelor of Science in Aviation. Usually, 120 semester hours of credit are required for a degree. Typically, one college course, like Algebra, is worth three semester hours. Therefore, it is likely that 40 courses, each worth three semester hours will be required for a degree. This may sound simple, but it really isn't. Virtually all colleges require proper distribution of credits. One cannot take 40 of the easiest courses and walk away with a degree. There are core subjects that are required, as English, Mathematics, History, Literature, Sociology, Psychology, Philosophy. English subjects include

Supply Chains Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Supply Chains - Essay Example Consumers are also inquiring about environmental strategies from the companies since they are aware of the global warming and the ecological matters. Companies will have to explain to the consumers how green their production processes are and how their waste materials are recycled. Supply Chains and networks Supply chains and networks plan is the act of finding and reducing services in the supply chain. In the plan, the mode of transportation, how to look for the market and the nature of the services are determined to provide the best service to the customer at the reduced cost possible. Two plants can produce a commodity and it can be supplied to three different chains before it gets to the customer. The plan offers the most convenient and efficient means to reduce such inconveniences. A good plan improves a company’s supply chain in the following areas Minimized costs Reduced account levels Low transport costs Good asset returns Good and reliable customer service A company e njoys competitive advantage when its goods and services are of better quality and prove to be acceptable by the consumer. A company’s competitive advantage can be determined by - Time- this is when a company can produce and process more goods quicker than the other processes. This advantage improves the profits and the product value. Cost- this is when a company spends less in the processing than the other. Cost advantage occurs where there is a better mechanized procedure and good mechanization which enhance competence. Quality Advantage- this is where a bigger company produces goods with less faults that the substandard ones. A company should ensure that all products of the same brand are of the same quality and result. The quality of the goods or commodities and their delivery is determined by the following factors:- Accessibility of resources When there are readily available raw materials, the cost of fetching for the materials is greatly reduced. Transport costs and the labour cost is greatly reduced. This also affects the quality of the goods supplied and how they are delivered to the consumer. Amount of purchases The amount of purchases a company produces greatly affects the quality and the distribution. A company delivers its products to the consumer depending on the necessity of the goods. Corporate responses Changes in climate have brought concern to business because it presents threats to companies (e.g. oil companies). In the 21st century, environmental dilapidation cost of materials and energy rise, in search of economic development have turned out to be clearer. Increased greenhouse emissions, destruction of the ozone layer and forests prove that there is a problem. Figures from the World Bank have shown that poverty has risen and many people live on fewer than 2 dollars each day (Wilsner 2011). This shows that issues of consumer options and control have been neglected. It is now the main challenge for humanity to find reasonable and susta inable behaviours to manufacture survive and consume. In 1992 a corporate, Rio Earth Summit assumed search of sustainability as its main aim. The challenge is to turn the goals into reality in the wake of hostile atmosphere and the global economy (Branch 2008). Social and ecological issues have been key hindrance to companies marketing their goods. The key issues in a supply chain management include- The planned

Political theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Political theory - Essay Example Aristotle said there was a truth in each that had to be reconciled and it is. The 16th and 17th centuries saw the emergence of two political thoughts that proposed singular views on government and the structure of society. Niccolo Machiavelli and Thomas Hobbes put forward their views and solutions on each and each directly influenced political ideology immensely. Each of them lived in a time and place of political turmoil, Machiavelli lived in Florence at a time of continuous political turmoil and Hobbes lived in England during its civil war. Aristotle, Hobbes and Machiavelli each designated in their works the best "practical" kind of government. For Aristotle, it was the aforementioned polity, while for Hobbes and Machiavelli; it was some sort of monarchy where there would be one sovereign or prince that would command all or a community that pledged it's obedience to a authority that promised protection. Aristotle had a profound influence on political philosophy because he invoked challenging discussions of persistent concerns of political philosophy: the role of human nature in politics, the relation of the individual to the state, the place of morality in politics, the theory of political justice, the rule of law, the analysis and evaluation of constitutions, the relevance of ideals to practical politics, the causes and cures of political change and revolution, and the importance of a morally educated citizenry. It has been a common view among political philosophers, especially Aristotle, that there exists a special relationship between moral goodness and legitimate authority. He believed that the use of political power was only rightful if a ruler whose personal ethical makeup was strictly virtuous. Thus rulers were counseled that they must be sure to behave in accordance with conventional standards of moral righteousness. The rulers did well because earned the right to be obeyed and respected because they showed themselves to be virtuous and morally upright. Niccolo Machiavelli criticizes at length the moral idealistic theory on politics in his best-known treatise, The Prince. For Machiavelli, there is no moral basis on which to judge the difference between legitimate and illegitimate uses of power. Authority and power are essentially coequal: whoever has power has the right to command; but goodness does not ensure power and the good person has no more authority by virtue of being good. Machiavelli argues that the only concern of the political ruler should be the acquirement and upkeep of power. He argues that the notion of legitimate rights of ruler ship adds nothing to the actual possession of power. The Prince purports to reflect the self-conscious political realism that integrity and right are not adequate to win and sustain political office. Power characteristically defines political activity, and is required for any thriving ruler to know how power is to be used. Only by the proper application of power

Therapeutic Intervention And Women Experiencing Domestic Violence Social Work Essay

Therapeutic Intervention And Women Experiencing Domestic Violence Social Work Essay There have been on-going public and professional concerns about the issue of domestic violence in the world. This interest has resulted in a growing body of research evidence which examine the prevalence and correlates of this type of violence (Archer, 2002; Fagan Browne, 1994; Johnson Ferraro, 2000). The most common form of violence against women is domestic violence, or the violence against women in families. Research consistently demonstrates that a woman is more likely to be injured, raped or killed by a current or former partner than by any other persons. Men may kick, bite, slap, punch or try to strangle their wives or partners; they may burn them or throw acid on their faces; they may beat or rape them, with either their body parts or sharp objects and they may use deadly weapons to stab or shoot them. At times, women are seriously injured, and in some cases they are killed or die, as a result of their injuries (United Nations Economic and Social Council, 1996). The assaults are intended to injure womens psychological health and bodies, which usually include humiliation and physical violence. Just like torture, the assaults are unpredictable and bear little relation to womens own behaviour. Moreover, the assaults may continue for weeks, and even years. Some women may believe that they deserve the beatings because of some wrong actions on their parts, while others refrain from speaking about the abuse because they fear that their partner will further harm them in reprisal for revealing the family secrets or they may simply be ashamed of their situation (United Nations Economic and Social Council, Report of the Special Reporters on violence against women, E/CN.4/1996/53, February 1996). Physical and sexual violence against women is an enormous problem throughout the world. The perpetrators are typically males close to women, such as their intimate partners and family members. Violence puts women at risk for both short- and long-term sequel which involves their physical, psychological, and social well-being. The prevalence of violence involving women is alarming and it constitutes a serious health problem. No woman is safe from domestic violence, no matter what country or culture she lives in. According to the latest UN report, one in three women is raped, beaten, or abused during her lifetime. The occasion of todays world Eliminate Violence against Womens Day focuses on Iran, where abuse largely goes unreported and officially at least unrecognized. Some researchers have argued that violence is equally a problem for both sexes (Gelles, 1974; Straus, Gelles and Steinmetz, 1980; both cited in Dwyer, 1996). However, as Bograd (1988) points out, this argument ignores the disproportionate rate of male violence against women and that most documented female violence is committed in self-defence. Moreover, it also ignores the structural supports for male violence against women. There is abundant evidence which suggests that violence, against women by their husbands or partners, is a historical and current norm (i.e. Dobash and Dobash, 1988; Geller, 1992; Gordon, 1998). Some of the criticisms of cognitive behavioural therapies are that they tend to ignore social and political factors which affect clients (Enns, 1997). People who are homeless, battered, or poor may not have the financial resources or social support to use some cognitive and behavioural methods. Cognitive-behaviour therapy views that behaviour is primarily determined by what that person thinks. Cognitive-behaviour therapy works on the premise that thoughts of low self-worth are incorrect and due to faulty learning. In addition, the aim of therapy is to get rid of the faulty concepts which influence negative thinking. Furthermore, cognitive behavioural therapies may not attend to clients cultural assumptions about rationality which are rather implicit in such therapies. To make cognitive and behavioural therapies more compatible with the feminist therapy, Worell and Remer (2003) suggested changing labels that stress the pathology of people, focusing on feeling, and integrating ideas about gender-role socialization, rather than using negative or pathological labels such as distortion, irrationality, or faulty thinking. Worell and Remer (2003) suggest that clients explore ideas, based on the gender-role generalizations which appear to be distorted or irrational. For example, rather than labelling the thought that womens place is in the home as irrational, the therapist should explore the actual rewards and punishments for living out this stereotyped belief. By focusing on anger, particularly angry ones which arise as a result of gender-role limitations or discrimination, women can be helped to feel independent and gain control over their lives. Therefore, helping women with their social-role issues, gender-role and power analysis can be helpful in exp loring ways of dealing with societal pressures which interfere with womens development. This is supported by Wyche (2001) who believes that cognitive and behaviour therapies are particularly relevant for women of colour because they focus on the present, providing clients with methods to use in handling the current problems. 1.2 Statement of the Problem Violence by intimate partners has been recognized throughout the world as a significant health problem. For instance, the World Health Organization (WHO) focuses on violence against women as a priority health issue. Violence by intimate partners refers to any behaviour within an intimate partnership which causes physical, psychological, or sexual harm to those in the relationship. Violence against women is a manifestation of historically unequal power relations between men and women (Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women, 1993). According to this Declaration fear is the biggest outcome of violence against women. Fear from violence is a big obstacle of womens independence and results in women to continue seeking the mens support, and in many instances this support results in the vulnerability and dependency of women, and is the main obstacle in the empowerment of womens potentials, which can bring about the development of their capacities and to use their energy in the improvement of society. Violence and abuse across the world are a common phenomenon and are not specific to a particular society, culture or mentality. Women in any given country and society are in one way or another subjected to violence in the private (home) environment or public (social) environment. In view of the irreversible consequences of violence for both the human, social and family structure of society, and for women themselves. This issue must become extra sensitive in the world. In fact, gender-based violence against women is the violation of their human rights and fundamental freedoms, the denial of their spiritual and physical integrity and an insult to their dignity. Violence against women is an obstacle of access to equal objectives, development and peace. The term violence against women is associated to any violent act that is gender-based that results in physical, mental and sexual hurt and suffering. The main reason for the separation of men and women is mental abuse. Mental abuse is an abusive behaviour which hurts and damages the womans honour, dignity and self-confidence. This type of abuse results the loss of perception, loss of self-confidence, various types of depression, womans failure in managing the family, greed at the work environment, the reconstruction of violent behaviour in children, womans dysfunction in the family, turning to sedatives, alcohol, drugs, fortune-telling (Mehrangiz Kar 2000). Violence against women in Iran takes place in a number of ways: 1 Honour killing; 2 Self-immolation; 3 Domestic violence; 4 Prostitution; 5 Human trafficking, women and children in particular. Violence reduces the self-confidence of women in the family. Women, who are abused, usually become depressed, secluded, and withdrawn people. Depression is also one of the most fundamental psychological problems in women who are in domestic violence. (Enayat, Halimeh,2006). Standards for counselling practice was developed in response to reports from women who were dissatisfied with the counselling they received after experiencing domestic violence, and concerns raised by workers in womens domestic violence services (Inner South Domestic Violence Service in Melbourne). According to the Welfare Organization of Iran (2006), the rate of mental illness among women victimized by domestic violence is significantly higher than among other women having hospital contact. It was noted that while an established network existed for domestic violence crisis and support services were designed specifically to meet the needs of women, counselling services tended to be generalized, with only a few practitioners specializing in the area. Furthermore, there has been no study to show counsellors which treatment for the mental health treatment of women who experienced domestic violence is better than the others (WBO, 2006). Family laws in Iran, create inequality between men and women, and these laws do not have the capacity to protect women who live with violent men, and violence has turned into a power tool for men. As the country progresses into an industrial nation, more academically qualified professionals are in great demand in Iran. Women who have experienced domestic violence are subjected to considerable amount of problems concerning mental health related to domestic violence. In a study by A. A. Noorbala, conducted at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences, the prevalence of mental disorders was shown to be 21.3% in the rural areas, and this was 20.9% in the urban areas. According to an old Iranian saying, Women should sacrifice themselves and tolerate. This shows that many women, if not most women, are involved in domestic violence. It happens in private life and a legal complaint can destroy the life of a woman. In other words, parts of the population have the perception that abuse is done in order to keep with the traditions of the society and out of love. Women, who are victims of domestic violence, perceived that their husbands jealous reactions which turn into violence are a sign of their love and attention to them. In a very traditional and religious setting in which many [in Iran] live, their understanding of religion and the interpretation given to them throughout the centuries is that a man can beat his wife. They believe that it is a religious command and the commentators, who have portrayed Islam in this light as a violent religion, have also contributed to the growth of this kind of culture. The police and judicial system are of little help. If a battered woman calls the police, it is unlikely that they will intervene. Ironically, the traditional attitude towards marital conflict in Iran inclines people to mediate between the couple. In many cases, the woman is usually sent back to her violent home. In the Iranian judicial system, there has been no law established to prevent domestic violence. On the contrary, there are many indicators which encourage violence against women in families in the Iranian Islamic penal code. Some authors estimate that the number of intimate relationships with violent husbands is about 20 to 30 percent (Stark Flitcraft, 1988; Straus Gelles, 1986). Broken bones, miscarriages, broken families, death, and some mental health disorders are some of the consequences of battering in intimate relationships. Each year, over one million women seek medical care due to battering (Nadelson Sauzier, 1989). Victims also experience nightmares and somatic consequences, while children who witness abuse may be symptomatic, displaying a high number of somatic, psychological and behavioural problems (Nadelson Sauzier, 1989). In addition to psychological scarring for victims, children, and batterers, there are broader societal repercussions of domestic violence. Williams-White (1989) state that the structural, cultural, and social characteristics of our society continue to perpetuate the victimization of women at all levels. In a way, violence within familial relationships reflects and helps maintain violence and oppression it widely in culture. Jennings (1 987:195) explains this by stating that violent husbands not only contribute to maintaining the level of violence in society, they also reflect a direct manifestation of socially learned sex-role behaviours. Moreover, the prevalence of battering has crossed race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (Hotaling Sugarman, 1986). Maltreatment of violence can lead to more violence (Walker, 1984). In systems which do not change, future generations may continue to resort to violence to solve problems. In addition, in many of those systems, violence may become more severe with time. For this reason, it is therefore necessary to work on treating the consequences of violence. However, to date, funding for mental health interventions is still limited, and it often only supports short-term treatment which will not adequately address the long-term symptoms. In view of the special treatment for the mental health of women, counseling centres and support houses for women can reduce the mental health problem of abused women and also reduce the domestic violence statistics. At the Welfare Organizations Counselling Centres in Iran, women who are victimized by domestic violence are treated by social workers and counsellors utilizing the cognitive behaviour therapy. Based on the above discussion, this study also analyzed the comparison of the treatments given to women who have experienced domestic violence, using four different therapies, namely combination therapy (cognitive behaviour therapy and feminist therapy) with cognitive behaviour therapy, feminist therapy and social work skills. Violence can shatter a womans life in many ways. Being a victim of violence is widely recognized as a cause for mental health problems, including post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and panic attacks. Being abused also plays a major role in developing or worsening substance abuse problems. For many women who are affected by violence, their first abuse usually occurred in their childhood or adolescence. Victimized women as childrens mothers frequently end up losing custody of their own children due to allegations of abuse or neglect, and over 50% of child abuse and neglect cases involve parental alcohol and drug abuse. In addition to institutionalized violence against women in Iran, the majority of the women and young girls are facing domestic violence at home at the time when they are still living with their parents. In most cases, it is the father and the other elder male members in the family are among those who first commit the aggression against the women and young girls. According to the latest statistics, two out of every three Iranian women have experienced discrimination and domestic violence from the father or the other male members of their family. For the vast majority of the Iranian women, married life marks the beginning of horror, pain, and humiliation, i.e. being the victim of their husbands and sometimes the other family members. Moreover, eighty one out of 100 married women have experienced domestic violence in the first year of their marriage (Mehrangiz Kar 2000). Even women with outstanding jobs and prestigious social standings are subject to this violation. In most of the cases , this abuse leaves permanent physical and psychological damages for the rest of their lives. Ironically, without saying even a word and with much pain and yet no support, crimes against women have gone unnoticed. Ninety out of 100 women suffer from a severe case of depression, from which they ultimately commit suicide and 71% of those women experience nervous breakdowns. (Mehrangiz Kar 2000). Their methods of suicide include setting themselves ablaze. For them, this is the only way of escaping from segregation and humiliation. For instance in Ilam (a city in Iran), 15 girls set themselves ablaze each month, fighting against oppression or depression (Welfare Organization of Iran, 2005). Looking at how serious this problem has become, it is therefore the responsibility of everyone to fight the oppression against women. Female victims need to believe that they should not be blamed on whatever happens to them. An active participation in the Welfare Organization of Iran to defend the wo mens rights and opposition to the Iranian Islamic fundamentalism is the least one can do to help end the pain and suffering of the victims of violence in both private and public spheres. Violence against women, in human and brutal punishments, such as stoning and complete elimination of the women from the political and social arenas represent some aspects of the modus operandi of fundamentalists leading to institutionalized violence. This also means that the struggle for equality, safety and security cannot be separated from the fight against fundamentalism in Iran. This study made use of the theoretical framework, combining the cognitive-behaviour theory and feminist theory for the mental health of the women who have been victimized by domestic violence. The present study could provide knowledge on the different types of mental health treatments adopted by counsellors at various counselling centres throughout the country. This research also examined the quality of the treatment by combining two therapies (cognitive-behaviour therapy and feminist therapy). Armed with this knowledge, the leaders of the Welfare Organizations, the society, families and counsellors can benefit from the consequences of change in the womens mental health. The suggested theoretical framework would provide a better understanding of the womens mental health and their performance in the society. In summery, battered and abused women need a wide range of responses, flexible services, and supportive policies to enhance their safety and self-sufficiency and to restore their self-esteem and welfare. These might include mental and physical health evaluation and referral; relocation services; confidential advocacy, shelter, and other domestic violence support services; educational and vocational training; legal representation concerning divorce, custody and protective orders; evaluation of immigration status and ethnic or cultural issues; and the effective enforcement of criminal laws and court orders to help free them from their partners control and to keep them and their children safe. We know that women who have suffered abuse are more likely to suffer posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and somatization than those who have never experienced abuse; the more extensive the abuse, the greater the risk of mental health disorder. Womens mental health treatment is an important area to consider for research because (1) girls and women as a group are exposed to more traumatic stressors than boys and men; (2) the mental health of women may be severely affected, resulting not only in immediate psychological symptoms, but also lifetime risk for self-destructive or suicidal behaviour, anxiety and panic attacks, eating disorders, substance abuse, somatization disorder, and sexual adjustment disorders; and (3) psychologists are not regularly trained to work specifically with trauma survivors, which can reduce the effectiveness of the treatment survivors receive. Currently there are 22 crisis intervention centres (womens crisis intervention centre) across the country (Iran), and women can stay in these centres between 6 to 8 months. As violence causes psychological pressures and uncontrolled stresses on and ultimately depression in women generally, this study was intended to find a better and useful treatment in the attempt to improve the treatment for the mental health of the women who have become the victims of domestic violence. The present study would also provide further knowledge and understanding on the three different types of the treatments used, namely the Cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT), Feminist therapy and the combination of the two treatments. The results of this study would therefore contribute the theoretical development and practice in counselling. 1.6 Operational Definition of Terms 1.6.1 Domestic violence Domestic violence is a pattern of coercive behaviour, which includes physical, sexual, economic, emotional and/or psychological abuse, exerted by an intimate partner over another with the goal of establishing and maintaining power and control. 1.6.2 Mental health a state of mind characterized by emotional well-being, relative freedom from anxiety and disabling symptoms, and a capacity to establish constructive relationships and cope with the ordinary demands and stresses of life. Mental Health is the balance between all aspects of life social, physical, spiritual and emotional. It impacts on how we manage our surroundings and make choices in our lives clearly it is an integral part of our overall health. In this study, mental health refers to the score which the client gets from the SCL-90-R test. 1.6.3 Cognitive behaviour Therapy (CBT) A set of principles and procedures that assume that cognitive processes affect behaviour and conversely that behaviour affects cognitive processes. It emphasizes a here-and-now process without emphasizing causation. (D.Meichenbaum) .A treatment approach that helps clients examines and changes the relationship consequences, thoughts, feelings, behaviours and resultant consequences. It incorporates a number of diverse intervention (for example, cognitive restructuring procedures, problem solving, coping skills interventions, stress inoculation training, and self instructional training. 1.6.4 Feminist Therapy A philosophical and practical approach with certain assumptions; for example, strategies are needed, and therapists must be aware of personal, gender-biased value system in relation to appropriate behaviour. Feminist therapists promote se4lf-awareness, self-affirmation, and personal integration, outcomes that may conflict with the societal norms that were the original source of dysfunctional behaviour patterns of women.

Immersive in Multimedia

IMMERSIVE MULTIMEDIA Introduction to Immersive Multimedia The history of Immersive Multimedia began with the concept of Virtual Reality. In the late 1960s, the desire of computer scientists and artists was to create, digitally-made ‘near-to-reality’ experiences through Interactive Multimedia. This became known as Virtual Reality. Virtual Reality, today, is a computer-created environment that a user can experience through the senses of sight, hearing and touch. Immersive Multimedia is a combination of multimedia elements and interactivity in Virtual Reality. Immersive refer to omputer generated simulation of reality with physical, spatial and visual dimension. This interactive technology is used by architechs, science and engineering research and the arts, entertainment, and video games industry. Virtual Reality system can simulate everythings from walk through of a building prior to construction to simulations of aircraft flight and three dimension computer games. Immers ive technologies and virtual reality are powerful and compelling computer application by which humans can interact and interface with computer generated environment in a way that imics real life sense engagement. As 3D and immersive technology becomes more integrated and available for a wide range of application. It require well designed user interfaces and innovative content for the next generation of computer games and integrated technology like mobile devices distributed web systems and desktop application. Example Of Immersive Multimedia Education Business Entertainment IMMERSIVE MUTIMEDIA IN ENTERTAINMENT Example Of Immersive Multimedia in Entertainment Virtual Football Virtual Gliders Aircraft Virtual Games Counter Strike Virtual Games Formula 1 Virtual Games Adventure Kayak Games Virtual Truck Games VR has a lot of positive benefits. It gives disabled people the opportunity to join in activities not usually available to them. In virtual worlds, people in wheelchairs, for example, can have a freedom of movement that they do not have in the real world. At the moment very few people can afford to buy a VR system. But as the technology advances, lightweight helmets and more powerful computers will take VR into ordinary homes. Virtual reality has very important uses in all types of architecture and industrial design. Computer Aided Design, or CAD, has been an important design tool since the mid 1970s, because it allows the user to draw three- dimensional images on a computer screen. However, unless you have a VR helmet and glove to project the images on to, you will not be immersed in your virtual world. 3D Viewing 3D viewing enable users to view the screen in 3D form and real. This Make the media more Attractive to users. For example a users will felt the movie like happen on this surrounding if he view on a 3D screen. Virtual reality developed out of the technical community, rom a vision of what was technically possible and from the requirements of certain technically demanding applications. Of course, some of the creators had visions of applications far beyond the needs of their funding sources, but generally the community has explored virtual reality as a human-computer interface technology. REFERENCE ?http://library. thinkquest. org/26890/virtualrealityt. htm ?http://liquidnarrative. csc. nc su. edu/classes/csc582/papers/vrae. pdf ?http://images. google. com. my/images? hl=en&source=hp&q=virtual+reality&btnG=Search+Images&gbv =2&aq=2&oq=VIRTUAL

Reaction Paper Essay

On-the-job training (OJT) is a form of training taking place in a normal working situation.On-the-job training, sometimes called direct instruction, is one of the earliest forms of training (observational learning is probably the earliest). It is a one-on-one training located at the job site, where someone who knows how to do a task shows another how to perform it. In antiquity, the kind of work that people did was mainly unskilled or semiskilled work that did not require specialized knowledge. Parents or other community members, who knew how to do a job necessary for survival, passed their knowledge on to the children through direct instruction.OJT is still widely in use today. In fact, it is probably the most popular method of training because it requires only a person who knows how to do the task, and the tools the person uses to do the task. It may not be the most effective or the most efficient method at times, but it is normally the easiest to arrange and manage. Because the tr aining takes place on the job, it can be highly realistic and no transfer of learning is required. It is often inexpensive because no special equipment is needed other than what is normally used on the job. The other side is that OJT takes the trainer and materials out of production for the duration of the training time. In addition, due to safety or other production factors, it is prohibitive in some environments. On-the-job training, also known as OJT, is teaching the skills, knowledge, and competencies that are needed to perform a specific job within the workplace and work environment. On-the-job training uses the regular or existing workplace tools, machines, documents, equipment, knowledge and skills necessary for an employee to learn to effectively perform his or her job.It occurs within the normal working environment an employee will experience on the job. It may occur as the employee performs actual work or it may occur elsewhere within the workplace using training rooms, training work stations, or training equipment. On-the-job training is most frequently supplied by another employee who can competently perform the job that he or she is teaching.On-the-job training is occasionally performed by an external provider as in the case of specialized equipment. In another example, a vendor trains a marketing system a group of employees is adapting to their own work procedures.While the goal of OJT is often to teach basic workplace skills, it also instills aspects of the workplace culture and performance expectations in the new employee. OJT is also the approach  organizations use to provide new employee onboarding information.On-the-job training is normally the most effective approach to training employees. Here are your 12 best opportunities and methods for providing on-the-job training to employees. Importance of On the Job Training On the job Training are part of a college curriculum that aims to train and orient students about the work and their future career. OJT is very important not only to teach students their chosen career but to show students the reality about working. On the Job Training is very important and should not be taken for granted, here’s why: Aside from the high evaluation grade that you will receive from the employer, the employer may absorbed or offer you a job after graduation. Your background OJT experience is very important when applying a job. Employers often asked about the OJT experience and how it is related on the job that you are applying for. The OJT experience that you have can land you a great job. Especially in Media related jobs, most employers often asked and require an OJT experience from a media company. For instance, a news writer who is applying in a TV Network has great advantage if he/she has an OJT experience in a Media company like TV, Radio or Publishing. Your superior in the company that you are working for as an OJT may recommend your skills to the company affiliates or to other company that he/she knows. OJT will be your training ground. If you still have no idea on what is meant to be a worker, OJT will give you at least 10% of career realities. The company that you are currently applying in often makes a background check to successful applicants. If you have included your OJT adviser or employer in your character references, the company may contact them to ask information about your skills and knowledge as their student or intern. You can consider your OJT experience as your guide on your first days at work, especially if your OJT and current work are related. You can use your experience and observation as an OJT to your current job if you still have issues on adjustments . Most students have taken their OJT for granted; not realizing the importance it can bring on their future career. Having a good performance during OJT is very important especially now that there’s a tight competition towards job seekers and the high qualification of companies. On the job training or OJT is one method by which students is given achance to apply the theories and computations that  they have learned from theschool. It also helps the students to acquire relevant knowledge and skills byperforming in actual work setting. Colleges and universities require their studentsto undergo such training within a specific number of hours as part of thecurriculum.For the students, an OJT or internship program provides opportunities togo through the actual methodologies of a specific job using the real tools,equipments and documents. In effect, the workplace becomes a developmentvenue for a student trainee to learn more about his chosen field and practicewhat he has learn from academy.On the other hand, an effective OJT program also benefits the companieswho accept trainees. First OJT or intern provides additional manpower for alesser labor cost than a regular employee. Most of them are all eager to learn theropes so chances are high that they will cooperate.Employers can use this internship strategy as a method in recruiting newemployees. Since the trainer or the supervisor can follow the trainees’ progress,he can gauge based on performance, behavior and attitude if the trainee willmake a good recruit after the completion of his OJT’s can bring fresh ideas into the organization. Given the opportunity tospeak their minds freely and without fear, they maybe able to contributesignificantly in brainstorming sessions or research and eventually help improvethe organizations productivity. While training the interns, employers are in factalso teaching their employees to process of guiding the trainees stretches their patience, develops teaching skills and makes them more sensitive to the needsand mind set of the younger generation. The course of supervision also teachesthem how to share what they know and be receptive to questions. Hence, theinternship also becomes an avenue in training for future managers of thecompany.Accommodating on-the-job trainees can truly be beneficial not only to thetrainees but also to the companies that provide opportunities for this type of learning. There is wisdom in the front lines. Such training can be an investmentthat will be valuable to the company later on. This is also why trainees shouldtake their internship seriously as it can become a powerful tool and possibly evena source of recommendation when they take that big lift from being students tocareer professionals.

anyone taking business law Essay - 631 Words

The mediation process starts by the agreement of two people whom are willing to bring in a neutral third party to settle a dispute between them. It can start almost anytime because it is the decision between the two parties. That being said it is obvious that mediation can start before a case is ever filed or as late as before a decision was ever made by the courts. To find a balanced agreement the mediator meets with both people disputing the case. He will meet with them together and privately. The mediator helps find a solution to resolve the case in only a few hours. Statistics have proven that 85% of commercial matters and 95% of personal injury matters end in written settlement agreements. Any type of civil dispute can be settled†¦show more content†¦We further agree that the above controversy be submitted to (one)(three) arbitrator(s). We further agree that we will faithfully observe this agreement and the rules, that we will abide by and perform any award rendered by the arbitrator(s), and that a judgment of the court having jurisdiction may be entered on the award†. The arbitrators are selected by a list that The American Arbitration Association gives both parties. After the filing of submission the list id distributed to both parties. The parties are allowed fifth teen days to cross out any names they definitely do not want. If administration is under the Expedited Procedures, the parties are allowed only seven days to study the list of five arbitrators, cross out two names, and number the remaining names in order of preference. Next the AAA will receive the list and compare. The parties may request more lists to choose from if it is necessary. Then last if an agreement has not been made the AAA makes a decision but, they will not choose any names that have been crossed out by either party. 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